Unit 1: The basic 'Building Bricks' of the English language

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Ways of spelling consonant and vowel sounds

Spelling most consonant sounds is usually fairly straightforward. For example, if you hear the sound /b/ you know to use the letter b - big, crab, banana.

Some sounds are a bit trickier. For example:

the /s/ sound is sometimes spelled with the letter c, as in circle.

the /j/ sound is sometimes spelled with the letter g, as in bridge.

the /f/ sound is sometimes spelled with the letters ph, as in phantom.

sound /s/ spelt with letter c g consonant sound /f/ spelt with letters ph
circle bridge phantom

These and other tricky consonant spellings are covered later in the course.


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Spelling vowel sounds - the difference between long and short vowels.

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